Nkibintu byingenzi mubikoresho byubukanishi, intoki za karubone zikoreshwa cyane mugucunga valve, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho byo gutwara no mubindi bice. Ariko, mugihe kirekire - ikoreshwa ryigihe, intoki zirashobora kwambarwa cyangwa kwangirika kubera imikorere kenshi, ibintu bidukikije nizindi mpamvu. Gusana ku gihe kandi neza ntibishobora gusa kongera igihe cyumurimo wintoki, ariko kandi birashobora no gukora imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho.
Ibirimo
1. Imikorere n'akamaro k'icyuma cya karubone
2. Ubwoko busanzwe bwo kwambara no kwangiza ibyuma bya karubone
3. Imyiteguro yo gusana ibyuma bya karubone
4. Gusana uburyo bwa karubone ibyuma
4.1. Gusana gusudira
4.2. Gusana imashini
4.3. Gusana kuvura hejuru
5. Kugenzura no gushiraho nyuma yo gusanwa
6. Ingamba zo gukumira kwambara intoki za karubone
1. Imikorere n'akamaro k'icyuma cya karubone
Intoki za karubone zikoreshwa cyane cyane mugucunga no guhindura ibikoresho bya mashini nibikoresho byinganda. Muguhinduranya intoki intoki, uyikoresha arashobora guhindura neza imikorere yimikorere yibikoresho. Hejuru - ubuziranenge bwa karubone ibyuma birangwa nimbaraga nyinshi kandi biramba, kandi birashobora gukomeza imikorere ihamye munsi yumutwaro mwinshi kandi - imbaraga zakazi. Mubyongeyeho, ubukungu bwamaboko ya karubone ikora amahitamo yambere mubikorwa byinshi byinganda.
2. Ubwoko busanzwe bwo kwambara no kwangiza ibyuma byamaboko ya karubone
Ubwoko bukurikira bwo kwambara cyangwa kwangirika bushobora kugaragara kumaboko ya karubone mugihe cyo gukoresha:
Kwambara hejuru: Bitewe nigihe kirekire - mikorere yo kuzunguruka, ubuso bwintoki zirashobora kwambarwa, bikavamo isura mbi ndetse bikagira ingaruka kumikorere.
Kumeneka cyangwa kumeneka: Mugihe kiremereye cyane cyangwa impanuka, impanuka y'intoki irashobora gucika, kandi mugihe gikomeye gishobora gutera gucika.
Kwangirika: Mubihe bitose cyangwa byangirika, intoki zishobora kwangirika, bikagira ingaruka kumiterere yubuzima no mubuzima bwa serivisi.
Umwobo wo hagati cyangwa kwambara inzira: Ibice byo guhuza hamwe nigiti cyangwa urufunguzo birashobora kwambara kubera guterana amagambo, bikavamo kwishyiriraho bidahindagurika cyangwa kwanduza nabi.
3. Imyiteguro yo gusana ibyuma bya karubone
Mbere yo gusana intoki, hagomba gukorwa imyiteguro ikurikira:
Ingamba z'umutekano: Menya neza aho ukorera neza kandi wambare ibikoresho bikingira, nka gants, indorerwamo, nibindi.
Gutegura ibikoresho: Tegura ibikoresho bisabwa ukurikije uburyo bwo gusana, nk'ibikoresho byo gusudira, ibikoresho byo gutunganya, ibikoresho by'isuku, n'ibindi.
Sukura intoki: Sukura hejuru yintoki kandi ukureho umwanda nkamavuta ningese kugirango bitunganyirizwe nyuma.
Reba urwego rwibyangiritse: Witondere witonze ibice byangiritse byintoki, usuzume niba bishoboka, kandi ubaze abahanga nibiba ngombwa.
4. Gusana uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki za karubone
Nibyingenzi guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gusana ukurikije ubwoko nurwego rwo kwangirika kwintoki. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusana burimo:
4.1. Gusana gusudira
Kubiganza byacitse cyangwa byacitse, gusana gusudira birashobora gukoreshwa. Gusudira birashobora kugarura ubunyangamugayo nimbaraga zintoki.
Intambwe:
Kwitegura: Sukura ahantu hacitse kandi ukureho amavuta n'umwanda.
Gushyushya: Kubyibushye - bikikijwe n'intoki, banza ushushe kugirango wirinde gucika umuriro mugihe cyo gusudira.
Gusudira: Koresha uburyo bukwiye bwo gusudira nibikoresho kugirango usudire ahantu hacitse.
Gukonjesha no gukora isuku: Nyuma yo gusudira birangiye, ukonje buhoro, usukure icyuma cyo gusudira, hanyuma urebe ubwiza bwa weld.
Inyandiko:
Mugihe cyo gusudira, ubushyuhe bugomba kugenzurwa kugirango hirindwe ihinduka ryinshi ryubushyuhe zone- zone yibasiwe.
Nyuma yo gusudira, hakenewe ubuvuzi bukenewe kugirango ukureho imihangayiko yimbere kandi ugarure ibintu bifatika.
4.2. Gusana imashini
Kubiganza byamaboko hamwe nu mwobo wo hagati wambaye cyangwa urufunguzo, ubunini bwumwimerere nukuri birashobora kugarurwa hakoreshejwe imashini.
Intambwe:
Gupima no gushyira akamenyetso: Koresha ibikoresho byo gupima gupima urwego rwo kwambara hanyuma ushire akamenyetso ahakorerwa.
Gukosora: Shyira intoki ku bikoresho bitunganya kugirango urebe neza ko gutunganya neza.
Gutunganya: Koresha guhinduranya, gusya nubundi buryo kugirango ukureho imyenda hanyuma usubize ubunini bwumwimerere.
Kugenzura no gukora isuku: Nyuma yo gutunganya, reba ingano kandi ikwiye, kandi usukure ibimenyetso byo gutunganya.
Kwirinda:
Ibipimo byo gukata bigomba kugenzurwa mugihe cyo gutunganya kugirango birinde ubushyuhe cyangwa hejuru ya -.
Menya neza guhuza intoki zitunganijwe hamwe nibice byo guhuza kugirango ukoreshe bisanzwe.
4.3 Gusana kuvura hejuru
Kuvura ubushyuhe
Binyuze mu gushyushya no gukonjesha, imiterere yimbere yimyenda ya karubone ihindurwa kugirango irusheho gukomera no kwambara. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe burimo ibisanzwe, kuzimya no gutwarwa.
Ubuso bukomeye
Carburizing, nitriding nubundi buryo bukoreshwa mugukora urwego rukomye hejuru yintoki kugirango wongere imyambarire no kurwanya umunaniro.
Gusana gusudira
Ahantu hacitse cyangwa kwambara cyane, gusana gusudira birashobora gukoreshwa.
5. Kugenzura no gushiraho ibyuma bya karubone nyuma yo gusanwa
Amaboko ya karubone amaze gusanwa, hagomba gukorwa urukurikirane rwibizamini kugirango rusubizwe mu mikoreshereze isanzwe, cyane cyane harimo:
Kugenzura isura: Reba niba hari uduce, inenge cyangwa ibindi byangiritse hejuru yintoki kugirango umenye neza ko nta tandukaniro rigaragara riri hagati yakosowe nigice cyambere.
Kugenzura ibipimo: Koresha ibikoresho bipima neza kugirango upime ibipimo by'ingenzi by'intoki, nka diameter yo hanze, umwobo wa diameter, umubyimba, n'ibindi, kugirango urebe ko byujuje ibisabwa.
Kugenzura Geometrie: Kugenzura niba geometrie ya handwheel ikwiye, nkumubare numwanya wumuvugizi, kugirango urebe ko byujuje ubuziranenge.
Ikizamini gikomeye: Koresha igerageza rikomeye kugirango ukore ibizamini byo gukomera kubice byingenzi byintoki kugirango umenye neza ko ubukana bwujuje ibisabwa.
Ikizamini cyo kuringaniza: Kubiganza byintoki bikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa bifite uburinganire buringaniye, ibizamini byo kuringaniza imbaraga birasabwa kugirango bigende neza.
Kwirinda
Nyuma yo kwemeza ko intoki zisanwa kandi zujuje ibyangombwa, kwishyiriraho neza ni ngombwa. Intambwe nyamukuru zirimo:
Gusukura ahabigenewe: Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, sukura neza aho washyizemo intoki, ukureho amavuta, imyanda, nibindi, hanyuma urebe ko hejuru yubushakashatsi hasukuye.
Reba ingano ihuye: Menya neza ko umwobo wo hagati cyangwa umwobo wubunini bwa handwheel uhuye nubunini bwa shitingi yo kwishyiriraho cyangwa gutwara kugirango wirinde ingorane zo kwishyiriraho cyangwa imikorere idasanzwe kubera guhuza bidakwiye.
Kosora intoki: Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cy'amaboko, koresha ibyuma bifata neza (nk'utubuto na bolts) kugirango ukosore intoki kugeza ku musozo wa shitingi cyangwa ku mikorere ikora kugira ngo urebe ko ikomeye kandi yizewe.
Hindura inguni ikora: Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, hindura inguni ikora ya handwheel kugirango ikorwe muburyo bwa ergonomique kandi urebe neza imikorere myiza.
Kuvura amavuta: Koresha amavuta akwiye cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga mubice bikenewe kugirango ugabanye ubukana kandi wongere ubuzima bwa serivisi.
Reba imikorere: Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, intoki uzenguruke intoki kugirango urebe niba izunguruka neza kandi niba hari jaming kugirango irebe imikorere yayo isanzwe.
6. Ingamba zo gukumira ibyuma bya karubone kwambara intoki
Kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa serivisi ya karubone yicyuma no kugabanya kwambara, harasabwa ingamba zikurikira zo gukumira:
Hitamo ibikoresho bikwiye no kuvura ubushyuhe
Mubikorwa byo gukora intoki, hatoranijwe ibikoresho byuma bya karubone birwanya kwambara neza kandi hakorwa uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nko kuzimya no gutwarwa kugirango bongere ubukana bwimbere kandi birwanya kwambara.
Hindura uburyo bwo gushushanya
Shushanya mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro imiterere yintoki, nko kongera umubare wimvugo, guhitamo imiterere yuruziga, nibindi, kugirango ugabanye imbaraga kandi ugabanye kwambara kwaho.
Isuku buri gihe no kuyitaho
Buri gihe usukure intoki nintoki ziwukikije kugirango wirinde ibintu byamahanga nkumukungugu numucanga kwinjira hagati yintoki hamwe nibice bikora, kandi bigabanye kwambara biterwa nibibazo byamahanga.
Komeza amavuta
Buri gihe ongeramo amavuta yo gusiga igice kizunguruka cyintoki kugirango umenye neza ko gifite amavuta ahagije mugihe cyo gukora, kugabanya ubushyamirane, no kwirinda kwambara cyane.
Irinde gukora ibirenze
Mugihe ukoresheje intoki kugirango ukoreshe ibikoresho, irinde kurenza umutwaro wabigenewe kugirango wirinde kwambara cyane cyangwa kwangirika guterwa nuburemere burenze.
Kugenzura ibintu bidukikije
Gerageza kwirinda igihe kirekire - igihe cyo kwerekana intoki zangiza ahantu habi nkubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe bwinshi, na gaze yangirika kugirango ugabanye gusaza kwibintu no kwambara biterwa nibidukikije.
Kugenzura no gusuzuma buri gihe
Gushiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura intoki kugirango uhite umenya ibimenyetso byerekana ko wambaye kandi ufate ingamba zikwiye zo kubungabunga cyangwa gusimbuza kugirango wirinde kunanirwa guterwa no kwambara cyane.
Umwanzuro
Nkibikoresho byingenzi bikora, kugenzura no gushyiraho neza ibyuma bya karubone nyuma yo gusanwa, hamwe ningamba zo gukumira mukubungabunga buri munsi, bifite akamaro kanini kugirango imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho kandi byongere ubuzima bwa serivisi yintoki. Muguhitamo ibikoresho byiza - ibikoresho byiza, guhitamo igishushanyo mbonera, kubungabunga amavuta meza, kwirinda gukora ibintu birenze urugero no kubitaho buri gihe, kwambara intoki birashobora kugabanuka neza kugirango birebire igihe kirekire - na serivisi ihamye yubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bya mashini.
