Mubikoresho byinshi mubikorwa byinganda nubuzima bwa buri munsi, intoki, ikintu gisa nkibisanzwe, igira uruhare runini. Nibyoroshye kandi byoroshye gukora, kwemerera abakoresha kugenzura byoroshye imikorere yibikoresho ukurikije ibikenewe nyabyo. Kuva kumashini nini yimashini kugeza kubikoresho bito na metero, kuva kumurongo wogukora inganda kugeza kumuryango usanzwe no guhindura idirishya, intoki zikoreshwa cyane. None, ni ubuhe buryo bwihariye bwo gukoresha intoki? Ibikurikira, tuzabisesengura birambuye duhereye ku mpande zitandukanye.
Ibirimo
1. Gukoresha intoki mu nganda
2. Gukoresha intoki mu nganda zitwara abantu
3. Uruhare rwintoki mu bikoresho byubuvuzi
4. Ingero zintoki mubuzima bwa buri munsi
5. Gukoresha intoki mu bushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi
6. Gukoresha intoki mu bidukikije bidasanzwe
1. Gukoresha intoki mu nganda
Intokikugenzura mugutunganya ibikoresho byimashini
Mugihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho byimashini, intoki nigikoresho cyingenzi kubakoresha kugenzura imigendekere yimashini. Dufashe imashini isya CNC nkurugero, uyikoresha arashobora kugenzura neza imigendekere yigikoresho kuri axe eshatu zihuza za X, Y, na Z mukuzunguruka intoki. Igipimo kiri kuri handwheel ituma uyikoresha yumva neza intera igenda ihuye na buri kizunguruka, bityo akamenya gutunganya neza igihangano. Kurugero, mugihe utunganya bimwe murwego rwo hejuru - byerekana neza, uyikoresha agomba kugira ibyo ahindura kumwanya wibikoresho, kandi intoki zigira uruhare runini muriki gihe. Muguhindura buhoro kandi neza neza intoki, uyikoresha arashobora kwimura neza igikoresho kumwanya wabigenewe kugirango yizere neza ko gutunganya neza.
Mubyongeyeho, intoki zintoki nazo ntangarugero mugukemura no gufata neza ibikoresho byimashini. Abatekinisiye barashobora kuzunguza intoki intoki kugirango bagenzure buhoro buhoro buri gice cyigikoresho cyimashini, hanyuma bahite bavumbura kandi bakemure ibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Kurugero, mugihe bigaragaye ko kugenda kwigikoresho cyimashini kumurongo runaka uhuza umurongo, umutekinisiye arashobora kwimura buhoro buhoro umurongo uhuza intoki binyuze mukiganza cyamaboko, akareba uko akazi ka buri kintu cyogukwirakwiza, akamenya icyateye amakosa.
Gukoresha intoki zo gukuramo imirongo ikora
Nubwo umurongo utanga umusaruro wageze ku rwego rwo hejuru rwumusaruro wikora, intoki iracyafite uruhare runini mugukemura no gukemura ibibazo. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho no gukemura umurongo wibyakozwe, abatekinisiye bakeneye guhindura neza imyanya nigikorwa cya buri gikoresho. Binyuze mu ntoki, barashobora kugenzura intoki kugendagenda kwa buri gikoresho kugirango barebe neza niba ibyo bikoresho bihuye. Kurugero, kumurongo winteko kubicuruzwa bya elegitoronike, buri kintu kigomba gushyirwaho neza kubicuruzwa. Abatekinisiye barashobora kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'ukuboko kwa robo binyuze mu ntoki, bagahindura ukuboko kwa robo ahantu heza ho gukora, hanyuma bagakora ibikorwa byo guteranya neza.
Iyo umurongo utanga umusaruro unaniwe, intoki irashobora kandi gufasha abatekinisiye kumenya vuba no gukemura ikibazo. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, abatekinisiye barashobora kugenzura intoki kugendana ibikoresho bidakwiriye binyuze mumaboko y'intoki, bakareba imikorere yibikoresho, kandi bakamenya icyateye kunanirwa. Kurugero, niba sensor yikintu runaka yananiwe kandi ibikoresho ntibishobora gukora mubisanzwe, umutekinisiye arashobora kugenzura intoki kugendana nigikoresho akoresheje intoki, kugenzura niba ibimenyetso bya sensor ari ibisanzwe, hanyuma uhite ubona aho amakosa ari.
Ubufasha bwintoki za robo yinganda
Imashini zikoresha inganda zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda, ariko rimwe na rimwe, zigomba gukoreshwa nintoki. Intoki ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukoresha intoki za robo. Umukoresha arashobora kugenzura imigendekere ya buri rugingo rwa robo akoresheje intoki kugirango agere kumwanya uhagaze no guhindura imikorere ya robo. Kurugero, mugihe robot ikora ibikorwa byo gusudira, uyikoresha arashobora gucisha neza - guhuza umwanya wo gusudira hamwe nu mfuruka ya robo binyuze mumaboko kugirango yizere ko gusudira bifite ireme.
Handwheels nayo igira uruhare runini mugutegura gahunda no kwigisha za robo. Umukoresha arashobora kugenzura intoki urujya n'uruza rwa robo akoresheje intoki, akandika inzira yerekana inzira n'ibikorwa bya robo, hanyuma akinjiza ibyo bipimo muri sisitemu yo kugenzura robot kugirango amenye gahunda ya robo. Ubu buryo bwo kwigisha bworoshe kandi bworoshye, butuma abashoramari barangiza vuba imirimo yo gutangiza robot.
2. Gusaba intoki mu nganda zitwara abantu
Imikorere y'intoki mumodoka
Mu modoka, intoki zisanzwe zerekeza ku kiziga. Ikizunguruka nikintu cyingenzi kugirango umushoferi agenzure icyerekezo cyimodoka. Muguhindura ibizunguruka, umushoferi arashobora guhindura inguni yibiziga byimbere yimodoka, bityo akamenya ko imodoka ihinduka, U - guhindukira nibindi bikorwa. Igishushanyo n'imikorere ya ruline iratandukanye kubwoko butandukanye bwimodoka. Kurugero, muri bimwe murwego rwo hejuru - imikorere yimodoka yo kwiruka, imikorere itandukanye ya buto nka shift paddles hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara buto yo guhinduranya buto ihuriweho na moteri. Umushoferi arashobora kurangiza ibikorwa bitandukanye adasize ibizunguruka, bitezimbere ubworoherane numutekano wo gutwara.
Usibye kugenzura icyerekezo cyurugendo, ibizunguruka bifitanye isano rya hafi na sisitemu yumutekano wimodoka. Imodoka yimodoka igezweho isanzwe ifite umufuka windege, uzahita uhita mugihe habaye impanuka kugirango irinde umushoferi. Byongeye kandi, amamodoka amwe afite ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gufasha - sisitemu yo gufasha, itanga ubufasha kubushoferi guhindura moteri binyuze mumashanyarazi ya hydraulic cyangwa amashanyarazi, bikagabanya umutwaro wumushoferi, cyane cyane iyo utwaye umuvuduko muke cyangwa parikingi, uruhare rwimbaraga za sisitemu - ziragaragara cyane.
Gukoresha intoki zo gutwara ubwato
Mugutwara ubwato, intoki nigikoresho cyingenzi kubashoferi kugenzura inzira yubwato. Imashini yubwato isa ninziga yimodoka. Umushoferi agenzura inguni yicyuma cyubwato ahinduranya ibizunguruka, bityo agahindura icyerekezo cyurugendo rwubwato. Ku mato manini, ibizunguruka mubisanzwe ni binini kandi bisaba umushoferi gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi kugirango abihindure. Kugirango ugabanye umutwaro wumushoferi, amato amwe afite ibikoresho byo kuyobora - sisitemu yo gufasha, itanga ubufasha bwo kuzunguruka kwizunguruka binyuze mumashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi.
Mu mikorere yubwato bwinjira kandi busohoka ku byambu, kubyara, nibindi, imikorere yimodoka igomba kuba yuzuye neza. Umushoferi agomba kugenzura neza inguni n’umuvuduko w’ibinyabiziga akurikije ibintu nk’umuvuduko w’ubwato, icyerekezo cy’umuyaga, n’amazi atemba kugira ngo ubwato bushobore guhagarara neza kandi neza aho byagenwe. Byongeye kandi, mugihe cyihutirwa, umushoferi agomba guhindura byihuse ibizunguruka kugirango ahindure inzira yubwato kugirango yirinde impanuka nko kugongana.
Intoki zikoreshwa mubikoresho byindege
Intoki zifite kandi akamaro gakomeye mubikoresho byindege. Kurugero, muri cockpit yindege, umuderevu agenzura kugarura no kwagura ibicuruzwa byindege, ibikoresho byo kugwa nibindi bikoresho ahindura intoki. Igipapuro nigice cyimukanwa kumababa yindege. Muguhindura inguni ya flap, kuzamura no gukurura indege birashobora kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku guhaguruka -, guhaguruka no kuguruka kwindege. Muguhindura intoki, umuderevu arashobora kugenzura neza inguni ya flap kugirango yizere ko indege ishobora gukomeza gukora neza mubice bitandukanye byindege.
Mu ndege ntoya cyangwa kajugujugu, intoki zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugucunga imyifatire yindege. Umuderevu ahindura ikibuga, kuzunguruka no yaw impande zindege ahindura intoki kugirango agere neza. Byongeye kandi, iyo sisitemu ya autopilot yindege yananiwe, umuderevu arashobora guhindura intoki intoki kugirango agenzure indege yindege kugirango umutekano windege ugerweho.
3. Uruhare rwintoki mu bikoresho byubuvuzi
Guhindura neza ubuvuzi ibikoresho
Mu bikoresho byubuvuzi, intoki zikoreshwa kenshi kugirango hahindurwe neza ibikoresho. Dufashe urugero rwa microscope yo kubaga, microscope yo kubaga ikeneye guhindura neza ibipimo nkuburebure bwibanze no gukuza kugirango ibikenewe bikorwe. Umukoresha arashobora kugenzura uburebure bwokugera no gukuza microscope azunguruka intoki kugirango yizere neza kandi neza umurima wo kubaga ureba. Mu kubaga amaso, abaganga bakeneye gukoresha microscopes yo kubaga kugira ngo barebe kandi bakore imyenda y'amaso ku buryo burambuye. Binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo guhinduranya intoki, intumbero ya microscope irashobora guhindurwa kumwanya mwiza kugirango ibikorwa bigende neza.
Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gupima ubuvuzi, nka centrifuges na incubator, na byo bifite intoki zo guhindura ibipimo by'ibikoresho. Kurugero, muri centrifuge, uyikoresha arashobora guhindura umuvuduko nigihe cya centrifuge muguhinduranya intoki kugirango yizere gutandukana kwicyitegererezo. Muri incubator, intoki zirashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura ubushyuhe, ubushuhe nibindi bipimo bya incubator kugirango bitange ibidukikije bikwiye kumico yingirabuzimafatizo.
Kugenzura imikorere yibikoresho byerekana amashusho
Mubikoresho byerekana amashusho yubuvuzi, intoki nazo nigikoresho cyingenzi kubakoresha kugenzura ibikoresho. Dufashe CT scaneri nkurugero, uyikoresha arashobora kugenzura urujya nigitanda cyo gusikana no guhindura inguni ya scanne azunguruka intoki. Mugihe cya CT scan, umurwayi agomba kuryama kuburiri bwa scan, hanyuma uyikoresha yimura uburiri bwa scan kumwanya ukwiye binyuze mumaboko y'intoki, hanyuma agahindura inguni kugirango abone amakuru yukuri kandi yuzuye.
Mu bikoresho bya magnetiki resonance yerekana amashusho (MRI), intoki nazo zikoreshwa mugucunga ibipimo byo gusikana. Umukoresha arashobora guhindura imbaraga za magnetiki yumurima, gradient ya magnetique hamwe nibindi bipimo muguhindura intoki kugirango abone ubwoko butandukanye bwamakuru yishusho. Byongeye kandi, intoki zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugucunga ibimera, ubusemuzi nibindi bikorwa byishusho, bikaba byoroshye kubaganga kureba no gusesengura ishusho.
4. Ingero zintoki mubuzima bwa buri munsi
Guhindura intoki zo mu nzu n'inzugi n'amadirishya
Mu bikoresho, inzugi n'amadirishya, intoki zikoreshwa muguhindura ibice. Kurugero, intebe zimwe zo mubiro zifite ibikoresho byamaboko kugirango uhindure uburebure nu mpande zicyicaro. Umukoresha arashobora guhindura umuvuduko wumwuka cyangwa imiterere yubukanishi imbere yintebe azunguruka intoki, bityo agahindura uburebure nu mpande zicyicaro. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura buroroshye kandi bworoshye kandi burashobora guhuza ibyifuzo byabakoresha batandukanye.
Kubireba inzugi n'amadirishya, inzugi zimwe na Windows zinyerera zifite intoki zo guhindura urwego rwo gufungura no gufunga no gufunga imikorere yimiryango na Windows. Muguhinduranya intoki, pulley cyangwa gufunga umuryango nidirishya birashobora kwimurwa, kugirango umenye gufungura no gufunga no gufunga umuryango nidirishya. Muri bimwe birebire - inzugi zanyuma nidirishya, intoki zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhindura amajwi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gukingura urugi nidirishya kugirango byorohereze icyumba.
Guhindura intoki ibikoresho byimyitozo ngororamubiri
Mu bikoresho bya fitness, intoki nazo zirakoreshwa cyane. Fata inzira nkurugero. Gukandagira ubusanzwe bifite ibikoresho byintoki kugirango uhindure umuvuduko nuburebure bwumukandara. Abakoresha barashobora kongera cyangwa kugabanya umuvuduko wumukandara wiruka mukuzunguruka intoki kugirango bigane ibintu bitandukanye biruka. Muri icyo gihe, intoki zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhindura ahahanamye kugirango hongerwe ingorane nimbaraga zo kwiruka.
Mubikoresho bimwe byamahugurwa yimbaraga, intoki ikoreshwa muguhindura guhangana. Kurugero, mumutoza wa dumbbell, uyikoresha arashobora guhindura uburemere cyangwa guhangana na dumbbell azunguruka intoki kugirango ahuze amahugurwa atandukanye. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura bworoshye kandi bworoshye, butuma abayikoresha bahinduka bakurikije imiterere yabo nintego zabo.
5. Gukoresha intoki mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi
Kugenzura intoki ibikoresho bya laboratoire
Muri laboratoire yubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ibikoresho byinshi nibikoresho bifite intoki zo kugenzura intoki. Dufashe microscope nk'urugero, usibye microscope yo kubaga yavuzwe haruguru, microscopes isanzwe ya optique nayo igomba gukoresha intoki kugirango ihindure uburebure bwerekanwe hamwe nigikorwa cya stade. Abashakashatsi barashobora guhindura uburebure bwa microscope kumwanya uhagije muguhinduranya intoki kugirango barebe microstructure yicyitegererezo. Muri icyo gihe, intoki irashobora kugenzura imbere n'inyuma, ibumoso n'iburyo bigenda kuri stade, bikaba byoroshye kubashakashatsi kureba ibice bitandukanye by'icyitegererezo.
Mubikoresho bimwe byubushakashatsi bwa chimique, intoki nazo zikoreshwa mugucunga ibipimo byubushakashatsi. Kurugero, mugikoresho cyo gusya, uyikoresha arashobora kugenzura ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwa flask ya disillation hamwe nigipimo cyamazi yamazi yegeranye mukuzunguruka intoki kugirango habeho iterambere ryimikorere. Mu bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gusesengura gazi, intoki zirashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura umuvuduko nigitutu cya gaze kugirango hamenyekane neza amakuru yubushakashatsi.
Guhindura intoki ibikoresho byo kureba inyenyeri
Mu kwitegereza inyenyeri, intoki ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukoresha telesikopi y’inyenyeri. Telesikopi y’ikirere ikeneye gukurikirana neza no kureba aho imibiri yo mu kirere ihagaze. Muguhinduranya intoki, azimuth nuburebure bwa telesikope irashobora kugenzurwa kugirango telesikope igere kumubiri wo mwijuru. Mugihe cyo kwitegereza, kubera kuzenguruka isi, umwanya wumubiri wo mwijuru uzakomeza guhinduka. Umukoresha agomba guhora ameze neza - guhuza umwanya wa telesikope ukoresheje intoki kugirango umenye ko umubiri wo mwijuru uhora uri hagati yumurima wa telesikope.
Byongeye kandi, intoki irashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhindura uburebure bwerekanwe no gukuza telesikope. Imibiri itandukanye yo mwijuru isaba uburebure butandukanye hamwe no gukuza kugirango turebe. Umukoresha arashobora guhindura sisitemu ya optique ya telesikope azunguruka intoki kugirango abone amashusho asobanutse kandi yuzuye yumubiri wo mwijuru.
6. Gukoresha intoki mu bidukikije bidasanzwe
Gushushanya no gukoresha intoki mu bushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi
Mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’ibidukikije, nkinganda n’inganda n’inganda, gushushanya no gukoresha intoki bigomba gutekereza kubisabwa bidasanzwe. Intoki zintoki muri ibi bidukikije zigomba kugira ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi, mu gihe kandi zirinda umutekano w’umukoresha. Kurugero, mumashanyarazi yimiti, uyikoresha agomba gukoresha intoki kugirango agenzure ibiryo, gusohora no gukurura reaction. Ibikoresho bya handhehele mubusanzwe bikozwe mubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nibikoresho byangirika byangirika, nkibyuma bitagira umwanda, titanium alloy, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, ubuso bwintoki zigomba kuvurwa byumwihariko kugirango hirindwe ubushyuhe bwinshi butera inkongi kubakoresha.
Kugirango umutekano wibikorwa byubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi, ubusanzwe intoki zifite ibikoresho birinda. Kurugero, igifuniko cyo gukingira gishyirwa hafi yintoki za reaction zimwe na zimwe zubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugirango wirinde ko uwabikora atabishaka akora ku ntoki kandi bigatera impanuka. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga zogukoresha intoki nazo zigomba kuba zarateguwe neza kugirango umenye neza ko uyikoresha ashobora guhindura byoroshye intoki kandi akirinda intoki kuzunguruka ubwayo munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ingwate yumutekano yintoki muguturika - ibidukikije
Mu bice bimwe na bimwe byaka kandi biturika, nk'inganda za peteroli na gaze gasanzwe, gukoresha intoki bigomba kwita cyane cyane ku guturika - umutekano wibimenyetso. Intoki zintoki muri ibi bidukikije zigomba gufata igisasu - cyerekana ibimenyetso kugirango birinde ibicu bitera impanuka ziturika mugihe cyo gukora. Ibikoresho bya handwheel mubisanzwe byatoranijwe mubikoresho byibyuma bidatanga urumuri, nkumuringa wumuringa. Muri icyo gihe, ubuso bwintoki zigomba kuvurwa byumwihariko kugirango bigabanye coefficient de fraisse kandi bigabanye amahirwe yo guturika.
Kugirango habeho umutekano wibikorwa muguturika - ahantu hatagaragara, intoki zisanzwe zifite ibikoresho biturika - byerekana ibyuma nibikoresho birinda. Kurugero, iturika - gihinduramatwara gishyirwa kumaboko yintoki zimwe zibika amavuta, kandi intoki irashobora guhindurwa mugihe iyo switch iri muri reta. Byongeye kandi, hashyizweho izamu rizengurutse intoki kugira ngo umukoresha adakora ku buryo butunguranye ku ntoki kandi bigatera impanuka.
Incamake
Nkigikoresho cyoroshye kandi gifatika gikora, intoki ikoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi nko gukora inganda, ubwikorezi, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ubuzima bwa buri munsi, ubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nibidukikije bidasanzwe. Irashobora gufasha abakoresha kugenzura neza urujya n'uruza rw'ibikoresho no kunoza imikorere no gukora neza. Mu nganda zikora inganda, intoki nigikoresho cyingenzi mugutunganya ibikoresho byimashini, gutunganya umurongo wibyuma byikora no gukora robot yinganda; mu nganda zitwara abantu, intoki ikoreshwa mugucunga icyerekezo no guhindura ibice byimodoka, amato nibikoresho byindege; mubikoresho byubuvuzi, intoki zimenya guhindura neza ibikoresho byubuvuzi nibikoresho byerekana amashusho; mubuzima bwa buri munsi, intoki zigaragara mubikoresho, inzugi n'amadirishya, ibikoresho bya fitness nibindi bintu, bizana ubuzima bwabantu; mubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi bwa siyanse, intoki zikoreshwa mugucunga intoki ibikoresho bya laboratoire nibikoresho byo kureba inyenyeri; mubidukikije bidasanzwe, intoki zakozwe muburyo bwihariye kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa bidasanzwe nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi no guturika - gihamya.
